What Are the Names of the Seven Gates of Thebes
Does anyone know the names of the Seven Gates of Thebes? I've been searching all over the Web, and all I can find are 4 of them: the Electran Gate, the Proetides Gate, the Neistae Gate, and the Homoloydes Gate.I decided to spend a few minutes tweaking Alta Vista and found the following contradictory results. I hope that they are of some help.
The first reference is "The Seven Against Thebes" by Aeschylus. http://classics.mit.edu/Aeschylus/seventhebes.html
"Are set, by the law of the lot, to storm the seven gates of our hold!" and "Come down to the sevenfold gates and harry the foemen away!"
- Tydeus already with his onset-cry Storms at the gate called Proetides
- Next, Capaneus comes on, by lot to lead The onset at the gates Electran styled:
- I will say on. Eteoclus is third- To him it fell, what time the third lot sprang O'er the inverted helmet's brazen rim, To dash his stormers on Neistae gate.
- Lo, next him stands a fourth and shouts amain, By Pallas Onca's portal, and displays A different challenge; 'tis Hippomedon!
- Heaven send it so! A fifth assailant now Is set against our fifth, the northern, gate, Fronting the death-mound where Amphion lies The child of Zeus.
- Fronting the sixth gate stands another foe, Wisest of warriors, bravest among seers- Such must I name Amphiaraus: he, Set steadfast at the Homoloid gate,
- The sign of Ruin standeth at the gate, There, where they strove with Fate- And the ill power beheld the brothers' fall, And triumphed over all!
- Proetides
- Electran
- Neistae
- Pallas Onca's
- northern (Borraean?)
- Homoloid
- Ruin (unnamed?)
Looking at http://www.maicar.com/GML/Oedipus.html I find:
"Amphion 1 built the seven gates of Thebes and named them after his daughters who, according to some, were Thera, Cleodoxa, Astynome 2, Astycratia, Chias, Ogygia and Chloris 1."And at http://www.maicar.com/GML/Cadmus.html I find:
"The gates of Thebes were dedicated to the following celestial bodies: the first to the Moon, the second to Hermes (Mercury), the third to Aphrodite (Venus), the fourth, for being in the middle of the planets, to Helius (Sun), the fifth to Ares (Mars), the sixth to Zeus (Jupiter), and the seventh to Cronos (Saturn). For Cadmus considered the sun to be in the middle, whereas a couple of millennia after him some thought that not the sun but the earth was in the middle, and yet others coming after them thought again, as Cadmus did, that the sun is in the middle."
Also, check the chart at the bottom of "The SEVEN AGAINST THEBES: several authors compared." Here you will find a number of variations as to the naming of the gates.
•*Ogygian
•*Crenaian
Still missing one
* From the following passage of the Phoenician Women:
At the Proetid Gate, the warrior-priest Amphiaraus was driving his chariot, his victims for sacrifice there beside him. He had no flashy emblems, just a modest blank shield.
At the Ogygian Gate Lord Hippomedon was charging, with his emblem on his shield: it was Argus the all-seeing, covered in painted eyes - those facing the rising stars were open, while the eyes facing the setting stars were closed. I only saw this later, of course, after he was dead.
At the Homoloid Gate, Tydeus was leading his column; over his shield he had a lion's skin - complete with fearsome mane. In his right hand he was carrying a flaming torch to set the town on fire, looking like the new Prometheus.
At the Crenaean Gate your son Polyneices looked as if he had the war god in his company. His shield was really something special: wild horses were galloping, bucking with fear - they were controlled by a lever inside the shield near the handle, so you'd think they were really stampeding in panic.
The one who fancies himself as great a warrior as Ares was leading his company towards the Electran Gate: Capaneus. On the iron plates on his shield was an earth-born giant carrying on his shoulders an entire city, which he had prised up from its foundations with crowbars - a foretaste of what might happen to Thebes!
Adrastus was at the seventh gate. He'd decorated his shield with a picture of a hundred snakes - the Argive emblem multiplied! In its jaws, every snake had a Theban that it had pulled down off the walls. [Defensively, as Jocasta and the Chorus are looking somewhat incredulous at the amount of detail] I had a chance to get a proper look at these shields when I was given the task of taking the password round to our company commanders.
So, according to everything I've gathered, the gates are either named Electra, Poetides, Neitae, Crenaeae, Ogygian, Homolodies and Hypsistae, or they are named after Amphion's daughters: Thera, Cleodoxa, Astynome, Astycratia, Chias, Ogygia and Chloris. Man, I hope I don't run into anything else this complicated in the near future! This one nearly wore me out!
Map of the Seven Gates- Onkaiai
- Elektrai
- Homoloides
- Krenaiai
- Neistai
- Proitdes
- Borraia

