•460 B.C.: First Peloponnesian War. Thucydides born.

•459 B.C.: Athens wins Megara.
•c. 458 B.C.: L. Minucius and his army trapped by the Aequi at Mt. Algidus.
•457 B.C.: Battle of Tanagra. Athenian conquest of Aegina.
•456 B.C.: Lex Icilia de Aventino publicando provides land allotments for the plebs on the Aventine.
•454 B.C.: Delain League treasury transferred from Delos to Athens.
•452 B.C.: Thirty Years' peace between Argos and Lacedaemon.Five year's truce between Athenians and Peloponnesians.
•451 B.C.: Pericles' citizenship law.
•451-450 B.C.: Period of the decemviri.
•450 B.C.: Twelve Tables

•449 B.C.: Secessio plebis.
•448 B.C.: Pericles acropolis building project. Peace with Persia.
•447 B.C.: Athens loses Megara.
•447 B.C: Quaestors elected by the people for the first time.
•446 B.C.: Thirty Years' Peace between Athens and Sparta.
•445 B.C.: Lex Canuleia allows patrician-plebeian intermarriage.
•444 B.C.: Treaty between Rome and Ardea.
•443 B.C.: Establishment of the censorship.
•442 B.C.: Ostracism of Thucydides, son of Melesias.
•440 B.C.: Revolt of Samos.