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Articles - Latin and English Differences in Articles

Articles Differences Between Latin and English

By , About.com Guide

In Latin, a common noun, like vir 'man', can be translated as 'man,' 'a man', or 'the man.' The English 'the,' 'a,' or 'an' is called an article. The context supplies the appropriate choice among articles. If you are referring to a specific, you're likely to use 'the'; if referring to 'any old,' you're likely to use 'a' or 'an' if the following word begins with a vowel. The 'the' is a definite article and the 'a' is an indefinite since it is not referring to a defined thing.
1.)The man on the corner was waiting for a 14 bus.
Interpretation: Out of a group of people at the corner bus stop, there was a specific male individual waiting for any bus that went along the 14-bus route.
Between article and noun you may find an adjective, as in the number of the route between the article and 'bus'. We avoid articles in front of pronouns in English.
2.)Wrong: *A he waited at the bus stop.
3.)Right: He waited at the bus stop.
(* is used to mark a construction that is not used today.)

When translating English into Latin, we usually eliminate the 'the,' 'a,' or 'an' article.

4.) Possible translations into English of
femina:
'a woman,' 'the woman,' or 'woman'

5.)Possible translations into English of
femina magna:
'a great woman,' 'the great woman,' or 'great woman.'

6.)Translations of 'the woman' into Latin:
femina

7.)Translation of 'a woman' into Latin:
femina

8.)Translation of 'the great woman' into Latin:
femina magna

In some late Latin the demonstrative pronouns (hic, haec, hoc 'this' and ille, illa, illud 'that') are used as articles.

More on Latin Adjectives

Please let me know if I've made an error.

More Latin-English Differences: Agreement | Case | Word Order | Gender | Articles | Alphabet

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