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Eras of Ancient Jewish History

By N.S. Gill, About.com

1 of 7

Patriarchal Era

Ancient Palestine

Perry Castaneda Historical Map Library
Patriarchal Period from c. 1800 B.C. to perhaps 1500 B.C. This is the time before the Hebrews went to Egypt.

A Mesopotamian Semite, Abraham, husband of Sarah, goes to Canaan and makes a covenant with God. This covenant includes the circumcision of males.
Abraham's grandson Jacob is renamed Israel. Jacob's sons are the fathers of the 12 Hebrew tribes.
Hebrews go to Egypt where Moses is born c. 1300 B.C.

There is no archaeological evidence to corroborate this. Some think that the Hebrews in Egypt were part of the Hyksos, who ruled in Egypt. The etymology of the names Hebrew and Moses are debated. Moses could be semitic or Egyptian in origin.

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