Nefertiti, which means "a beautiful woman has come" (aka Neferneferuaten) was queen of Egypt and wife of the pharaoh Akhenaten/Akhenaton. Earlier, before his religious change, Nefertiti's husband was known as Amenhotep IV. He ruled from the middle of the 14th century B.C.
Akhenaten was the famous heretic king who moved the capital of the royal family from Thebes to Amarna and worshiped the sun god Aten (Aton). The new religion, often considered monotheistic, featured the royal couple, Akhenaten and Nefertiti, in place of other gods in a triad of divinities.
See Library of Congress article on the monotheism of Akhenaten and Mysteries of the Amarna Pharaohs for more details on this fascinating period in Egyptian history.
