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Roman International Relations Terms

Latin terms specifying relationships between foreign polities and ancient Rome

By , About.com Guide

Believing themselves superior, Romans carefully parceled out privileges to deserving foreigners during the Republic and the Empire prior to the granting of universal citizenship (the Constitutio Antoniniana under Caracalla). Some of the terms are debated -- for instance, was it possible to receive Roman citizenship and privileges without obligations? Some international relationship terms come from personal relationship terms. Here are some of the terms you may come upon when reading about the expanding Roman Empire.

You may also see some of these terms in Latin love poetry.

Amicitia

Amicitia is translated friendship, a topic discussed by philosophers. Unlike what we think of as friendship, among the Romans, there could be treaties of friendship.

Client King

An English term used to refer to certain non-Roman rulers.

Fides

Fides is translated faith, which was central to the treaties.

Foedus

Foedus means treaty and describes certain alliances.

Hospitium

Hospitium has a Greek equivalent, xenia, which is translated guest-friendship.

Obsequium

The word obsequious comes from the Latin word obsequium. It refers to a respectful attitude.

Socius

Socius is the Latin for ally. It appears in the name for the Social War.

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