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Sargon

By N.S. Gill, About.com

A King of Akkad - Bronze Head of an Akkadian King

A King of Akkad - Bronze Head of an Akkadian King

Public Domain. Courtesy of Wikipedia
Definition: Sargon the Great ruled Sumer from about 2334-2279 B.C. or perhaps a quarter of a century later. Legend sometimes says he ruled the whole world, but Sumer and his sons conquered cities only from the Mediterranean to the Persian Gulf. While the world is a stretch, they can fairly be called rulers of the whole of Mesopotamia.

Sargon established his capital at Agade (near the city of Kish) becoming the king of Akkad and the first king of the Agade Dynasty. He conquered the nearby city-states of Ur, Umma, and Lagash. Sargon developed a commercial empire dependent on trade. Roads and a postal system united the empire of Akkad.

Sargon made his daughter Enheduanna the high priestess of Nanna, the moon god of Ur. His successor was his son Rimush and then another son, Manishtushu.

Like the Biblical Moses, Sargon may have been a Semite rather than a Sumerian. A story about Sargon's youth sounds like the Moses infancy story. The baby Sargon, nestled in a reed basket sealed with bitumen, was placed in the Euphrates River. The basket floated until it was rescued by a gardener or date grower. In this capacity he worked for the king of Kish, Ur-Zababa until he rose in the ranks to become the king's cupbearer.

Then the ambitious king of the Mesopotamian city-state of Umma (and beyond), Lugulzaggesi, invaded Kish from the south. King Ur-Zababa king fled and Sargon led forces against Lugulzaggesi's Sumerian mini-empire. Lugulzaggesi had to leave Kish to face Sargon, who proved unstoppable. After Lugulzaggesi surrendered, Sargon named himself king of Kish and then marched south to conquer Mesopotamian land to the Persian Gulf.

Main Source:
Michael Roaf's Cultural Atlas of Mesopotamia and the Ancient Near East
Susan Wise Bauer's History of the Ancient World

Also Known As: Sargon of Agade, Sharrum-kin, King of Agade, King of Kish, King of the Land.

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