Presocratic Philosophers
Resources on the ancient Greeks who introduced the world to philosophy.
Anaximenes
Anaximenes was a pupil of Anaximander who believed the underlying principle or arche was air and distinguished planets from stars.
Anaximenes was a pupil of Anaximander who believed the underlying principle or arche was air and distinguished planets from stars.
Ancient Philosophy: Naturalism
Traces the thinking of the early philosophers with emphasis on their quest for an underlying, unifying principle.
Traces the thinking of the early philosophers with emphasis on their quest for an underlying, unifying principle.
Empedocles
Empedocles was a pluralist philosopher who saw change as the result of two forces, love and strife.
Empedocles was a pluralist philosopher who saw change as the result of two forces, love and strife.
Inventing the Solar System
Evolution in early mythological and scientific thinking about celestial movement.
Evolution in early mythological and scientific thinking about celestial movement.
Heraclitus
Philosopher who thought of the logos as an orderly process of change, the doctrine of flux, and Heraclitus' recurrent fallacy of dropped qualifications.
Philosopher who thought of the logos as an orderly process of change, the doctrine of flux, and Heraclitus' recurrent fallacy of dropped qualifications.
The Origin of Philosophy: Why the Greeks?
Kelley L. Ross shows how the commercial democracy of Athens provided the necessary basis for the development of philosophy and also warns that a vast educated class is inimical to freedom.
Kelley L. Ross shows how the commercial democracy of Athens provided the necessary basis for the development of philosophy and also warns that a vast educated class is inimical to freedom.
Leucippus
Founder of Atomism. Article from Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
Founder of Atomism. Article from Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
Ionian School and the first philosophers
From Hellas Online, the central issues pursued by the natural philosophers.
From Hellas Online, the central issues pursued by the natural philosophers.
Presocratic Philosophers: Pythagoras
From your Guide, what educated guesses we can make about this philosopher whose reputation was enhanced by his followers attributing their discoveries to him.
From your Guide, what educated guesses we can make about this philosopher whose reputation was enhanced by his followers attributing their discoveries to him.
Pythagoras
Resources on Pythagoras the presocratic philosopher and Greek mathematician.
Resources on Pythagoras the presocratic philosopher and Greek mathematician.
Zeno of Elea
Feature on Zeno, the philosopher from Elea who invented dialectic, met the young Socrates, and was tortured for his political involvement.
Feature on Zeno, the philosopher from Elea who invented dialectic, met the young Socrates, and was tortured for his political involvement.
Zenon the Philosopher
In 336 B.C. Zeno, the founder of the Stoics, was born in Kitium. Major events in the life of Zeno (or Zenon) include shipwreck, slavery, the keys of the city, and suicide.
In 336 B.C. Zeno, the founder of the Stoics, was born in Kitium. Major events in the life of Zeno (or Zenon) include shipwreck, slavery, the keys of the city, and suicide.
Timeline of Greek and Roman Philosophers
A timeline of major ancient Greek and Roman philosophers with links to more information on the individual philosophers.
A timeline of major ancient Greek and Roman philosophers with links to more information on the individual philosophers.
Anaxagoras
Anaxagoras is credited with bringing philosophy, the study of knowledge, to Athens when he moved there in 480 B.C.
Anaxagoras is credited with bringing philosophy, the study of knowledge, to Athens when he moved there in 480 B.C.
Anaximander
Anaximander may have written the first philosophical treatise in Greece and was a student or companion of Thales. Fragments and passages about him by other ancient writers.
Anaximander may have written the first philosophical treatise in Greece and was a student or companion of Thales. Fragments and passages about him by other ancient writers.
Pre-Socratic Philosophers
Early natural philosophy didn't spring up in a vcacuum but borrowed from the mythographers.
Early natural philosophy didn't spring up in a vcacuum but borrowed from the mythographers.