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Most European languages are thought to have evolved from one original highly inflected language referred to as (proto) Indo-European.
In Search of the First Language
A Nova special looking for what would have been the language spoken before the Tower of Babel.
Indo-European
Brief history of comparative linguistics with an example of sound shifts. Explains language's evolution from inflected to prepositionally based.
Knowing Words in Indo-European
Table shows a genealogy for two "knowing" roots, which in modern English turn up as "know" and "wit." Also a table of the words for "is" (to be).
Numbers in Indo-European Languages
Shows conjectures for numbers in the various proto languages of the Indo-European group: Celtic, Balto-Slavic, Italic, Indo-Iranian, Hellenic, and Germanic.
Phonetic Alphabet
Instructions for Americans on pronouncing phonetic symbols.
Proto Indo-European Sound System
A simplified, HTML-friendly transcription system for writing PIE without any special characters.
Proto-Language
Notes on the idea that there was originally one language from which all others derive.
The Study of Celtic Languages
From U.C. Berkeley, a look at the migration of the Celts and spread of their languages, and their relatively unstudied place in comparative linguistics despite their connection with the Italic languages.

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