Looking at the callous behavior of several of the young Roman emperors it's hard not to wonder if too much power was thrust upon immature shoulders. The following table shows the approximate age of accession of the Roman emperors. For those emperors with no birth information, the approximate date of accession and the birth year are marked with question marks.
Unless otherwise indicated, all dates are A.D.
The Age of Accession of Roman Emperors
Mean average age = 41.3
Oldest = 79 Gordian I
Youngest = 8 Gratian
Emperor | Birth Year | Reign | Approximate Age at Accession |
Augustus | 63 B.C. | 27 B.C.- 14 A.D. | 36 |
Tiberius | 42 B.C. | A.D. 14-37 | 56 |
Caligula | A.D. 12 | 37-41 | 25 |
Claudius | 10 B.C. | 41-54 | 51 |
Nero | A.D. 37 | 54-68 | 17 |
Galba | 3 B.C. | 68-69 | 65 |
Otho | A.D. 32 | 69 | 37 |
Vitellius | 15 | 69 | 54 |
Vespasian | 9 | 69-79 | 60 |
Titus | 30 | 79-81 | 49 |
Domitian | 51 | 81-96 | 30 |
Nerva | 30 | 96-98 | 66 |
Trajan | 53 | 98-117 | 45 |
Hadrian | 76 | 117-138 | 41 |
Antoninus Pius | 86 | 138-161 | 52 |
Marcus Aurelius | 121 | 161-180 | 40 |
Lucius Verus | 130 | 161-169 | 31 |
Commodus | 161 | 180-192 | 19 |
Pertinax | 126 | 192-193 | 66 |
Didius Julianus | 137 | 193 | 56 |
Septimius Severus | 145 | 193-211 | 48 |
Pescennius Niger | c. 135-40 | 193-194 | 55 |
Clodius Albinus | c. 150 | 193-197 | 43 |
Antoninus - Caracalla | 188 | 211-217 | 23 |
Geta | 189 | 211 | 22 |
Macrinus | c. 165 | 217-218 | 52 |
Diadumenianus | (son of Macrinus, birth unknown) | 218 | ? |
Elagabalus | 204 | 218-22 | 14 |
Severus Alexander | 208 | 222-235 | 14 |
Maximinus Thrax | 173? | 235-238 | 62 |
Gordian I | 159 | 238 | 79 |
Gordian II | 192 | 238 | 46 |
Balbinus | 178 | 238 | 60 |
Pupienus | 164 | 238 | 74 |
Gordian III | 225 | 238-244 | 13 |
Philip the Arab | ? | 244 - 249 | ? |
Decius | c. 199 | 249 - 251 | 50 |
Gallus | 207 | 251 - 253 | 44 |
Valerian | ? | 253 - 260 | ? |
Gallienus | 218 | 254 - 268 | 36 |
Claudius Gothicus | 214? | 268 - 270 | 54 |
Aurelian | 214 | 270 - 275 | 56 |
Tacitus | ? | 275 - 276 | ? |
Probus | 232 | 276 - 282 | 44 |
Carus | 252 | 282 - 285 | 30 |
Carinus | 252 | 282 - 285 | 30 |
Numerian | ? | 282 - 285 | ? |
Diocletian | 243? | 284 - 305 | 41 |
Maximian | ? | 286 - 305 | ? |
Constantius I Chlorus | 250? | 305 - 306 | 55 |
Galerius | 260? | 305 - 311 | 45 |
Licinius | 250? | 311 - 324 | 61 |
Constantine | 280? | 307 - 337 | 27 |
Constans I | 320 | 337 - 350 | 17 |
Constantine II | 316? | 337 - 340 | 21 |
Constantius II | 317 | 337 - 361 | 20 |
Julian | 331 | 361 - 363 | 30 |
Jovian | 331 | 363 - 364 | 32 |
Valens | 328 | 364 - 368 | 36 |
Gratian | 359 | 367 - 383 | 8 |
Theodosius | 346 | 379 - 395 | 32 |
Sources
• History of Rome, the Emperors
• Roman Emperors The Imperial Index (DIR)