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•499 B.C.: Aristogoras' Ionian rebellion against Persians
•498 B.C.: Athens at war with Aegina.
•497 B.C.: Athenians attack Sardis.
•495 B.C. Persians capture Miletus.
•494 B.C.: Spartans under Cleomenes defeat Argives.
•494 B.C.: First secessio plebis.
•493 B.C.: Treaty between Spurius Cassius and the Latins.
•490 B.C.: Battle of Marathon.
•489 B.C.: Expedition of Miltiades to Paros. Death of Cleomenes.
•487 B.C.: Ostracism of Hipparchus. Archins appointed by lot.
•486 B.C.: Ostracism of Megacles. Pindar's 7th Pythian.
•486 B.C.: lex agraria of Spurius Cassius.
•485 B.C.: Death of Darius.
•484 B.C.: Ostracism of Xanthippus.
•482-474 B.C.: War with Veii
•483 B.C.: New vein of silver discovered.
•483-2 B.C.: Ostracism of Aristides.
•482-474 B.C.: War with Veii.
•480 B.C.: Athens recalls ostracized citizens. (August) Thermopylae. (September) Salamis. (October) Solar eclipse.
•479 B.C.: Platea. Mycale.
•479 B.C.: Carthaginians invade Sicily. Battle of the Cremera.
•477 B.C.: Delian League founded.
•474 B.C.: Heiro of Syracuse defeats the Etruscans near Cumae.
•472-1 B.C.: Ostracism of Themistocles.
•471 B.C. : Lex Publilia Voleronis grants official recognition to the concilium plebis and tribuni plebis.
•470 B.C.: Pindar's 1st Pythian. Bacchylides' 4th Ode.
•c. 469 B.C.: Number of tribunes raised to ten.
•468 B.C.: Battle of the Eurymedon.
•467-462 B.C.: Athens led by Cimon.
•467 B.C.: Delian League defeats Persia at battle of Eurymedon River.
•465 B.C.: Revolt of isle of Thasos against Delian League.
•464 B.C.: Revolt of helots.
•463 B.C.: Surrender of Thasos.
•461 B.C.: Ostracism of Cimon.
•460 B.C.: First Pelopponesian War. Thucydides born.
•459 B.C.: Athens wins Megara.
•c. 458 B.C.: L. Minucius and his army trapped by the Aequi at Mt. Algidus.
•457 B.C.: Battle of Tanagra. Athenian conquest of Aegina.
•456 B.C.: Lex Icilia de Aventino publicando provides land allotments for the plebs on the Aventine.
•454 B.C.: Delian League treasury transferred from Delos to Athens.
•452 B.C.: Thirty Years' peace between Argos and Lacedaemon.Five year's truce between Athenians and Peloponnesians.
•451 B.C.: Pericles' citizenship law.
•451-450 B.C.: Period of the decemviri.
•450 B.C.: Twelve Tables
•449 B.C.: Secessio plebis.
•448 B.C.: Pericles acropolis building project. Peace with Persia.
•447 B.C.: Athens loses Megara.
•447 B.C: Quaestors elected by the people for the first time.
•446 B.C.: Thirty Years' Peace between Athens and Sparta.
•445 B.C.: Lex Canuleia allows patrician-plebeian intermarriage.
•444 B.C.: Treaty between Rome and Ardea.
•443 B.C.: Establishment of the censorship.
•442 B.C.: Ostracism of Thucydides, son of Melesias.
•440 B.C.: Revolt of Samos.
•439 B.C.: L. Minucius appointed to oversee Rome's grain supply in a time of famine.
•438 B.C.: Chryselephantine Athena set up in the Parthenon.
•435 B.C.: Sea victory of Corcyra over Corinth.
•433 B.C.: Revolt of Potidaea.
•433 B.C.: Establishment of Temple of Apollo.
•432-1 B.C.: Corinth and Corcyra begin fighting. Peloponnesian War begins.
Battle of Potidaea.
•431 B.C.: Romans defeat the Aequi at Mt. Algidus.
•429 B.C.: Pericles dies 425 B.C.: Cleon leads Athens.
•428-425 B.C.: Rome takes Fidenae away from Veii.
•425 B.C.: Herodotus writes his History.
•424 B.C.: Battle of Amphipolis
•422 B.C.: Second Battle of Amphipolis
•421 B.C.: Peace of Nicias.
•421 B.C.: Quaestors increased to four and opened up to plebeians.
•421-0 B.C.: Defensive alliance between Athens and Sparta.
•419 B.C.: Alliance between Athens and Argos.
•418 B.C.: Battle of Mantinea. Argos allies with Sparta. Eleusinian decree.
•417 B.C.: Ostracism of Hyperbolus.
•415 B.C.: Alcibiades. Mutilation of the Hermae. Athenian expedition to Sicily.
•413 B.C.: Spartan disaster in Sicily.
•412 B.C.: Revolt of Athenian allies.
•411 B.C.: Battle of Syme. Revolt of Rhodes. Revolt of Abydus and Lampsacus. Revolt of Euboea. Four Hundred overthrown. Evagoras becomes king of Salamis.
•410 B.C.: Battle of Cyzicus. Democracy restored in Athens. Athens recovers Thasos.
•409 B.C.: Athens recovers Colophon, but loses Pylos and Nisaea. Carthage invades Sicily.
•408 B.C.: Athens recovers Chalcedon.
•407 B.C.: Battle of Mytilene.
•406 B.C.:Battle of Arginusae. Siege of Acragus.
•405 B.C.: Athenian fleet defeated at Aegospotami. Dionysus tyrant of Syracuse makes peace with Carthage.
•404 B.C.: Athens surrenders. Blockade of Athens. Rule of the Thirty. Thrasybulus seizes Phyle.
•403 B.C.: Expedition of the Thirty against Thrasybulus.
•400 B.C.: Celts drive out Etruscans.
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