The war between the allies of Sparta and the allies of Athens began what was known as the Peloponnesian War. The lower area of Greece, the Peloponnese, was made up of poleis allied with Sparta, except for Achaea and Argos. The Delian confederacy, the allies of Athens are spread around the borders of the Aegean Sea.
Peloponnesian War
Greece at the Beginning of the Peloponnesian War (431 B.C.).
Perry-Castañeda Library Historical Atlas by William R. Shepherd http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/
Wars in Ancient Greece
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